Churches in Goa, India

Step back in time and lose yourself in the ancient allure of Old Goa, India, where whispers of the Orient beckon travelers to explore the rich history and exquisite beauty of its churches. From the UNESCO World Heritage Site that offers a glimpse into the past to the Basilica of Bom Jesus, standing as a testament to faith and devotion, and of the “SE Cathedral Old Goa,” this article will take you on a journey through the historic Churches in Goa. It will describe their opulent architecture and spiritual significance. Discover the hidden gem of the “SE Cathedral Old Goa,” and delve into the miraculous legacy of St. Francis Xavier.  Join us as we uncover the beauty beyond the churches in Panaji and Vasco da Gama-India, and immerse yourself in the magical charm of Old Goa.

Our Expectations Visiting GOA

After spending five days in Mumbai, we were excited about our cruise and the first stop in Goa. We were thrilled to be welcomed at the port by a local band and handed a red rose. Our Ship, the Celebrity Millennium, docked at the Mormugao Goa India Cruise Port near the city of Vasco da Gama-India. 

It is about an hour’s drive from the city of Vasco da Gama-India to the city of Old Goa which is a World Heritage Site.

Old Goa

Old Goa is a historic city in the Indian state of Goa. It was once the capital of Portuguese India and a thriving trade hub. Today, it’s famous for its UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Basilica of Bom Jesus, which houses the remains of St. Francis Xavier, and the Se Cathedral Old Goa, one of the largest churches in Asia.
Visitors can explore ancient churches, convents, and colonial-era architecture, reflecting Goa’s rich history. The city is located on the banks of the Mandovi River, about 10 km east of Panaji, the current capital of Goa.

If you’re planning a trip, you might enjoy heritage walks, guided tours, or even a boat cruise along the backwaters

Economic Differences Between GOA and Mumbai

As soon as we began our journey via bus to Old Goa, we couldn’t help but notice there is a stark difference in the economic conditions between the two Indian cities.  There are several reasons that poverty rates are lower in Goa compared to Mumbai:

1. Economic Structure: Goa’s economy is heavily reliant on tourism, which provides a steady source of employment and income. In contrast, Mumbai, while being the financial capital of India, has a large population of migrants who often work in low-paying jobs.
2. Population Density: Mumbai is one of the most densely populated cities in the world, which puts a strain on resources and infrastructure. This leads to higher levels of poverty and slum development.
3. Housing and Infrastructure: Goa has significantly better housing and infrastructure compared to Mumbai. Much of the fine housing actually dates back to the Portuguese Rule.  Mumbai has a significant number of slums where living conditions are poor, and access to basic amenities like clean water and sanitation is limited.
4. Government Policies: Goa has benefited from targeted government policies aimed at reducing poverty and improving living standards. Mumbai, despite various initiatives, still struggles with the sheer scale of its population and the associated challenges.
5. Income Distribution: The income gap in Mumbai is wider compared to Goa. While Mumbai has a high GDP, the wealth is not evenly distributed, leading to higher poverty rates.

These factors all contribute to the lower poverty rates in Goa compared to Mumbai.

The History of the Portuguese in GOA

The history of the Portuguese in Goa is quite fascinating and has a lot to do with the positive economy of the region. Here’s a brief overview:
Arrival and Conquest

• 1498: Vasco da Gama discovers India
• 1510: The Portuguese, led by Afonso de Albuquerque, captured Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur. This marked the beginning of Portuguese rule in Goa.
• Strategic Importance: Goa became an important trade hub for the Portuguese, serving as the capital of their Eastern Empire.

Colonial Era

• Trade and Commerce: Goa was a key center for the spice trade and other goods like gold, slaves, and horses. The Portuguese established a monopoly on the Eastern spice trade.
• Cultural Influence: The Portuguese influence is still visible in Goa’s architecture, cuisine, and culture. They built churches, forts, and other structures that are still standing today.

Decline and Independence

• 17th Century: The Portuguese faced competition from the Dutch and the English, which led to a decline in their trade dominance.
• 1961: Goa was integrated into India after a military operation by the Indian government. It became a state within the Republic of India in 1987.

The Portuguese legacy in Goa is a blend of European and Indian cultures, making it a unique place with a rich history.

Churches in Goa: The UNESCO World Heritage Site

As you begin your exploration of the churches in Goa, you will soon encounter the Basilica of Bom Jesus, a magnificent structure that stands as a testament to faith and devotion like no other religious building in the region. It, along with two other churches that we visited in Old Goa, were well preserved and certainly worth a visit.

Basilica of Bom Jesus: A Testament to Faith and Devotion

The Basilica of Bom Jesus is a sacred place that not only captivates visitors with its stunning architecture but also offers a profound sense of spirituality. The interior of the basilica is adorned with intricate woodwork, splendid paintings, and a mesmerizing altar that leaves a lasting impression on all who enter its doors. This Jesuit church is India’s first minor basilica, and is considered to be one of the best examples of baroque architecture and Portuguese colonial architecture in India. It is one of the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World.
The Basilica of Bom Jesus was constructed between 1594 and 1605. It is here that one can truly feel the weight of centuries of devout worship and unwavering faith in every corner of the church, making it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring the ancient “Churches in Goa.”

What is Meant by Bom Jesus?

Bom Jesus means “Good/ Infant Jesus” in Portuguese. It is the name used in countries where Portuguese is an official language..

Reasons to Visit:

1. Architectural Marvel: The basilica is a stunning example of Baroque architecture and Portuguese colonial influence. Its intricate carvings and grand columns are a sight to behold.
2. Historical Significance: It houses the mortal remains of St. Francis Xavier, a revered Jesuit missionary. His tomb attracts pilgrims and visitors from around the world. St. Francis Xavier played a significant role in shaping the religious landscape of Goa and his influence can still be felt today through the numerous miracles attributed to him.
3. UNESCO World Heritage Site: The basilica is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlighting its cultural and historical importance.
4. Spiritual Experience: Whether you’re religious or not, the serene and contemplative atmosphere of the basilica offers a unique spiritual experience.
5. Art and Craftsmanship: The interior is adorned with exquisite woodwork, gilded altars, and stunning frescoes.

In addition to the crypt containing St. Francis Xavier’s remains, there are several other Christian sculptures worth seeing:


Also, the courtyard at the Basilica of Bom Jesus is well maintained with additional Christian remembrances, such as this nativity scene:


As you step out of the Basilica of Bom Jesus, you will find yourself drawn towards the next stop on your journey through Goa: the “Se Cathedral Old Goa” where legends and architecture collide in a breathtaking display of beauty and history.

Se Cathedral Old Goa: Where Legends and Architecture Collide

The Se Cathedral Old Goa stands as a testament to the rich history and legend of Old Goa, blending intricate architecture with captivating stories of the past. This grand structure, dedicated to St. Catherine of Alexandria, towers over the landscape, inviting visitors to explore its ornate interiors and marvel at its towering facade.


As you wander through the halls of the Se Cathedral, you can almost hear the whispers of centuries past, each stone telling a tale of devotion and resilience. From its awe-inspiring pillars to its towering spire, the Se Cathedral is a true masterpiece that embodies the essence of Old Goa, leaving visitors in awe of its grandeur and significance. The Cathedral is somewhat lap sided as it lost one of its spires due to a lightning strike.

The Cathedral has a beautiful main altar as well as beautiful side chapels.
   
Stepping out of the Se Cathedral Old Goa, you will find yourself eager to uncover more hidden gems of Goa, leading you towards the Church of St. Cajetan, a hidden treasure waiting to be discovered amongst the ancient churches of this historic city.

Church of St. Cajetan: A Hidden Gem Waiting to be discovered

As you make your way towards the Church of St. Cajetan, tucked away amidst the ancient Churches in Goa, you will be greeted by a hidden gem that promises to captivate your senses with its architectural splendor and historical significance. This lesser-known church offers a glimpse into a different era, with its Baroque-style design and intriguing stories waiting to be unraveled.

To get to the Church you will first pass the Arch of Conception which was built for the Portuguese Viceroy in order to enter the church.

You will also pass the remains of the gate of the Palace of Adil Shah.

And, finally before you reach the Church you will see the ladies cleaning up the leaves using old fashioned brooms that are traditional to India and this region.

Stepping inside the Church of St. Cajetan, you will feel a sense of tranquility wash over you, as you admire the intricate details of its interior and soak in the atmosphere of reverence that permeates the air. This hidden treasure holds a unique charm that is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who have the privilege of discovering it.

As you delve deeper into the history and beauty of the Church of St. Cajetan, you will find yourself drawn towards the next chapter of your journey through the ancient Churches in Goa: The town of Panaji, the capital of GOA.

Exploring Panaji and Vasco da Gama-India: Uncovering the Beauty beyond the Churches

As you uncover the beauty beyond the churches of Old Goa, you will find yourself enchanted by the rich tapestry of sights, sounds, and experiences that define this vibrant region. Each new discovery will bring you closer to the heart of Goa, revealing the true essence of this captivating destination. Explore Panaji and Vasco da Gama, and immerse yourself in the beauty and culture that lie beyond the ancient churches – there is so much more to discover in this enchanting corner of the world.

Panaji

As you step out of the shadows of the church buildings, you will find yourself in the vibrant city of Panaji, where colonial architecture mingles with modern influences to create a unique blend of old and new. Wander through the streets lined with colorful houses, browse the bustling markets, and immerse yourself in the rich tapestry of Goan life. Here is a picture of the old Customs House:

Vasco de Gama-India

Venture further afield to Vasco da Gama- India, named after the legendary explorer himself. This bustling port town offers a glimpse into the maritime history of Goa, with its bustling harbor and historic landmarks. Explore the winding streets, visit the local markets, and soak in the sights and sounds of everyday Goan life. From the bustling city center to the tranquil beaches, Vasco da Gama-India offers a diverse range of experiences for the curious traveler.

Conclusion

Cos has traveled to five different cities in India: Delhi, Agra, Chennai, Mumbai and now Goa.  Of the five, Goa is the one that is worth returning to.  As an Indian State, it has a lot of charm, and much less poverty and more cleanliness than the other cities.
While our visit was quick and we took an excursion tour from our Cruise Ship, we highly recommend tours from Get Your Guide that are also available.  If you decide to visit Goa, we definitely recommend taking a tour. You will learn so much more about this wonderful place in India.

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